- Microorganisms such as bacteria or viruses use the human body as host to grow or reproduce. As they grow inside the body, they produce toxins that cause illness.
(a) Stomach upset
Symptoms
- Pain in the stomach
- Nausea or vomoting
- Diarrhoea
How they spread
- Diarrhoea can spread through direct contact.
Caused by
- Bacteria
- Viruses
(b) Measles
Symptoms
- Sore in the stomach
- Runny nose
- Cough
- Muscle pain
- Fever
- Itchy rashes
How they spread
- Through direct contact.
Caused by
- Viruses
(c) Flu
Symptoms
- Sore throat
- Sneezing
- Cough
- Muscle pain
- Fever
- Runny nose
- Headache
How they spread
- Through air or direct contact.
Caused by
- Viruses
(d) Scabies ( a skin infection )
Symptoms
- Pimple-like irritations
- Rashes
- Itch
How they spread
- Through direct contact.
Caused by
- Microscopic mites
(e) Conjunctivitis
Symptoms
- Pain in the eye
- Swelling of the eye
- Redness in the eye
- Itch in the eye
- Sticky discharge from the eye
How they spread
- Through direct contact.
Caused by
- Bacteria
- Viruses
(f) Mumps
Symptoms
- Headache
- Swelling of the neck
- Fever
- Loss of apetite
How they spread
- Through air
Caused by
- Virus
(g) Chickenpox
Symptoms
- Rashes which result in itchy blisters
- Fever
- Cough
- Headache
- Loss of appetite
How they spread
- Through air or direct contact.
Caused by
- Virus
(h) Rubella
Symptoms
- Rashes
- Fever
How they spread
- Through air.
Caused by
- Virus
(i) AIDS
Symptoms
- Infections by bacteria, viruses and fungi
- Fever and sweating
- Weight loss
How they spread
- Through direct contact of the blood with a body fluid containing the virus..
Caused by
- Virus
2. Diseases that spread easily from one person to another are called contagious diseases.
3. Contagious diseases spread through the following ways:
(i) People who eat or drink contaminated food or drink with harmful microorganisms are infected with
the diseases caused by the microorganisms.
(ii) Direct contact with a sick person or coming into contact with his clothing or personal items can
cause the disease to spread.
(iii) Sneezing or coughing releases the microorganisms into the air. People who inhale these
microorganisms can become infected.
(iv) Diseases caused by microorganisms can also carried by mosquitoes or flies.
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